中文版Fastener's product knowledge as well as the product involve the sign
Because each concrete fastener product's specification, the size, the common difference, the weight, the performance, the surface condition, the mark method, as well as project and so on acceptance inspection, symbol and packing specific requests, are stipulated separately in several countries (profession) in the standard, for example has the British system, the German standard and the US standard.
The fastener is applies the most widespread mechanical foundation. In 2001 joined WTO along with our country and marches into the international trade great nation the ranks. Our country fastener product exports various countries, various countries fastener product also unceasingly to emerge the Chinese market massively. The fastener one of as our country import and export quantity big products, realizes with the international trail connection, to impels the Chinese Fastener Enterprise to move toward the world, promotes the fastener enterprise comprehensive participation international cooperation and the competition, has uses the important demonstration significance and the strategic sense.
A kind of machine parts general name which when the fastener is (or component) fastens two either two above components connects into sees whole uses. In the market is also called the standard letter.
It usually includes following 12 kind of components:
1. Bolt: (Have a kind of fastener which by the forehead and the screw rod external screw thread circular cylinder) two parts are composed, must with the nut coordination, use in fastening connects two to have the through hole components. This kind of connection form calls the bold fastening. If the nut from the bolt top spin, has may cause these two components to separate, therefore the bold fastening belongs to the dismantable connection.
2. Stud: Does not have the forehead, only has the both sides to give extra the thread a kind of fastener. When connection, its end must turn on lathe into has in the box thread hole components, another end passes through has in the through hole components, then turns on lathe the upper nut, as soon as even if these two components fastening connects sees the whole. This kind of connection form is called the stud connection, also belongs to the dismantable connection. Mainly uses in of a thickness by union pieces being big, the request structure to be compact, because or disassembles frequently, is not suitable uses the bold fastening the situation.
3. Bolt: Also by the forehead and a screw rod two part of constitution's kind of fastener, may divide into three kinds according to the use: Machine screw, clamping screw nail and special use bolt. The machine screw mainly uses in a clamping screw pit the components, has between the through hole components fastening connection with one, does not need the nut coordination (this kind of connection form to be called the screw fastening, also belongs to the dismantable connection; May also with the nut coordination, use in two having between the through hole components fastening connection. ) the clamping screw nail mainly uses between the fixed two components the relative position. The special use bolt for example has the suspension loop bolt and so on to use for the hoisting components.
4. Nut: Has the box thread hole, the shape assumes generally is obviously cylindrical for the flat hexagon, also has assumes the flat side cylindrical or oblate cylindrical, coordinates the bolt, the stud or the machine screw, uses in fastening connects two components, causes it to become a whole.
5. Tapping screw: Is similar with the machine screw, but on screw rod's thread uses the thread for the special-purpose tapping screw. Uses in fastening connects two thin steel works, causes it to become a whole, on the component needs to generate the eyelet beforehand, because this kind of bolt has the high degree of hardness, may turn on lathe into directly component's hole, causes in the component to form the response the box thread. This kind of connection form also belongs to the dismantable connection.
6. Wood screw: Is also similar with the machine screw, but on screw rod's thread for the special-purpose wood screw with the Luo grain, may turn on lathe into the lignin component directly (or components), uses in a belt through hole metal (or nonmetallic) the components with a lignin component fastening connects in together. This kind of connection is also belongs may disassemble the connection.
7. Gasket: The shape assumes an oblate ring-like kind of fastener. Puts in the bolt, the bolt or between nut's bearing surface and the union piece surface, plays is increasing by the union piece faying surface area, reduces the pressure and the protection by the union piece surface not the role which damages; Another kind of elastic washer, but can also play is preventing the nut to return to the pine the role.
8. Elastic ring: For installs in the machine, in equipment's axis trough or the aperture, plays is preventing the role which in the axis or about the hole components moves.
9. Selling: Mainly uses for the components localization, some may also supply the components connection, the retaining element, the transmission power or locks other fastener.
10. Rivet: By the forehead and a nail pole two part of constitution's kind of fastener, uses in fastening connects two belt through holes the components (or component), causes it to become a whole. This kind of connection form is called the rivet connection, the abbreviation riveted joint. Is with is not dismantable connects. Because must make to connect in the together two components separate, must destroy on the components the rivet.
11. Assembly and connection: The assembly is refers to the combination supply a kind of fastener, if some kind of machine screw (either bolt, confesses bolt) with the plain washer (or spring washer, locking washer) combines the supply; Connects vice-refers to some kind of special-purpose bolt, the nut and a gasket combination supply kind of fastener, if the steel structure connects with the high strength big hexagonal head tap bolt.
12. Welds the nail: Because the energy of light and the nail head (or do not have the different races fastener which nail head) constitutes, with welding method his permanent connection in components (or component) above, with the aim of carrying on the connection again with other components.
Each kind of fastener product must involve several aspect content the standard:
1) fastener product size aspect standard: Concrete provision product basic size aspect content; Brings the thread product, but also includes the thread the basic size, the thread to conclude, shoulder the distance, tool escape and bevel edge, external screw thread components aspect contents and so on terminal size.
2) fastener product engineering factor aspect standard. Includes the following several aspect content specifically the standard:
a) fastener product common difference aspect standard: Concrete provision product size common difference and shape position common difference aspect content.
b) fastener product mechanical property aspect standard: Concrete provision product mechanical property rank mark method as well as mechanical property project and request aspect content; Some fastener product changes this content the product material performance or the operating performance aspect content.
c) fastener product surface defect aspect standard: Concrete provision product aspect and so on surface defect type and specific request contents.
d) fastener product surface treatment aspect standard: Concrete provision product aspect and so on surface treatment type and specific request contents.
e) fastener product testing aspect standard: Concrete provision above each performance requirement experiment aspect content.
3) fastener product acceptance testing and evaluation inspection, symbol and packing aspect standard: When concrete provision product leaving the plant approval spot-checks the project standard quality level and the sampling scheme, as well as product symbol method and packing request aspect content.
4) fastener product mark method aspect standard: Concrete provision product complete mark method and simplified mark method aspect content.
5) fastener other aspect standard: If fastener terminology aspect standard, fastener product weight.
